Department of transportation federal aviation administration. These factors determine the requirements to be met by any material used to construct or repair the aircraft. Grosko evaluation ofpatch effectiveness in repairing aircraft components by g. Aircraft structures, aerodynamics, aircraft assembly and rigging, aircraft fabric covering, aircraft metal structural repair, aircraft welding, aircraft wood. Past experiences and future trends for composite aircraft. Mea359a inspect and repair aircraft wooden structures.
Wood structure study guide by givemethelute22 includes 15 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Some aircraft, such as the bellanca viking series, have wings using wood structural components and wood skins. The standard for comparing all aircraft structural wood is stika spruce. Existing repair methods use uncured prepreg for repair patches and it takes a long time to. Aircraft wood and structural repair easa part 66 academy. On august 19, 2012 in composite materials, history, novel materialstailored structures. All wood surfaces to be glued must be free or dirt,sawdust, and oil. Most of the airplanes built during world war i wwi were constructed of wood frames with fabric coverings. Wood rot and dry spoil are normally simple to distinguish. A wood product made of strips of wood glued together in such a. This chapter serves as an introduction to the design, construction, inspection, and repair of basic airframe structures made from sheet metal.
Even where access to the joint exists, it is still difficult to positively. What are the two types of glue used for aircraft wood structure repair. If wood is not the primary structure it is almost sure to be found in some component part. They run parallel to the lateral axis of the aircraft, from the fuselage toward the tip of the wing, and are usually attached to the fuselage by wing fittings, plain beams, or a truss. Aircraft wood structures by christopher gonzalez on prezi. Structure repair manual training airbus this course enables the participant to become confident with the use of the structure repair manual srm to determine the appropriate repair procedures for an encoutered damage on airbus aircraft structures. Casein and synthetic resin glue the resin glues that are recommended for wood aircraft application are the resorcinol formaldehyde type. Aircraft wood structure cont many of lighter aircraft that were produced in 1930s and 40s have made use of wood for structural component such as. Aircraft wood information page 4 of 8 converted timber exposed to alternate wet and dry conditions will contract this disease which transforms the wood into a soft, spongy mass. This unit has been designed to provide learners with an understanding of general airframe structural repairs. Joints, together with fasten ings, are, however, generally regarded as the weakest part of the. Steel may be required in many forms, like bolts, rods, angles, channels, expanded metal and welded wire fabric. Pdf aviation maintenance technician airframe volume 1.
Tonight i make a custom gusset and then attach all the right side gussets to the rudder. Wood was the material of choice for aircraft construction into the 1930s. The information presented in this chapter is general in nature and should not be regarded as a substitute for specific instructions contained in the aircraft manufacturers maintenance and repair manuals. This advisory circular ac contains methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the administrator for the inspection and repair of nonpressurized areas of civil aircraft, only when there are no manufacturer repair or maintenance instructions. Druxiness is similar to wetrot but in this case the water becomes stagnant in the timber and sets up decomposition of the surrounding fibre structure. Try to use freshly cut parts, and avoiding sanding the end of the piece your gluing, especially with fine sandpaper as this prevents good penetration into the wood. Advances in materials and processes used to construct aircraft have led to their evolution from simple wood truss structures to the sleek aerodynamic flying machines of today. How is aircraft plywood prepared for making a compound bend. Wood aircraft construction and repairs part one in aircraft wood and structural repair. Truax senior wood technologist, forest products laboratory.
Persons engaged in the inspection and repair of civil aircraft. The repair of composite aircraft structures is similar to that of other advanced composite repair techniques. When a structural repair is needed, these patches are piled up on the repair area with the insertion of adhesive films between them and the structure to be repaired. Dry decay is a term inexactly applied to numerous sorts of rot, however particularly to a condition that, in a progressed organize, grants the wood to be squashed to a dry powder. How to do gussets and staples for a wood aircraft youtube. Wood aircraft structures combine many of the attributes associated with metal and composite structures, such as light weight, low cost, and high strength, while requiring only the minimum of special equipment for proper maintenance and repair. Hardwoods are not always more dense than softwoods. Us army aviation course basic airframe repair al0992. Boeing aircraft structural repair manual pdf basrm10whom6 46 pages size 3,077 kb 9 apr, 2017 if you want to possess a onestop search and find the proper manuals on your products, you can visit this website that delivers many boeing aircraft structural repair manual. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The inspection of glued joints in wooden aircraft structures presents considerable difficulties. Repair of wood aircraft structures suitable wood part one.
Woodpecker experimental amateurbuilt aircraft the woodpecker homebuilt aircraft by brian austein. Compared to military transport or civil aircraft composite repair for metallic aircraft structures. Airframe structural concepts and construction methods. Early aviations aircraft made of wood and fabric, reinforced with metal, were strong enough to withstand the vibrations and torsion stresses met at slow speed.
The primary factors to consider in aircraft structures are strength, weight, and reliability. The fuselage is the main structure of the aircraft. Aircraft metal structural repair but it may also appear as part of. Structural failure leads to crash general aviation news. Damage or defects are assessed against damage or wear limits specified by structural repair manual or other approved data to determine if repair or.
Consideration of aircraft operations, including inspection, maintenance, and repair procedures is crucial in the development and application of new materials and structures. Fabrication and repair of wood structures aircraft. Wood that comes from a conebearing tree is a softwood. Any new aircraft program is based on assessing structural design information, fatigue and damage tolerance evaluations, service. This part of the committees report focuses on the operation and monitoring of materials and structures in a service. Aircraft wood and structural repair wood was among the first materials used to construct aircraft. Wood under attack by moisture or fungus will sound hollow and soft, and it also will have a musty or moldy smell if you can differentiate that odor from the surrounding aircraft smells of fuel, oil, paint, etc. Located in the central northwest we offer our customers top quality sheetmetal services with attention to details that attributes to an excellent job. Spars may be made of metal, wood, or composite materials depending on the design criteria of a specific aircraft. Today spruce and other types of wood remain somewhat popular for aircraft construction. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. Aircraft wooden structure is visually or physically checked for signs of deterioration, deformation defects or damage in accordance with maintenance documentation and approved procedures 1.
An understanding of the inspection and repair of airframe components and structures is an essential tool for all mechanical aircraft technicians, particularly those involved in the maintenance, manufacture or overhaul of aircraft. As discussed in chapter 1, the residential construction material most commonly used above grade in the united states is lightframe wood. Early aviations aircraft made of wood and fabric, reinforced. Damagedefect types and inspection some regulatory concerns. Modern design principles often use highly integrated structures, tailored material distribution for strength and stiffness and highly loaded joints between components. Aircraft metal structural repair easa part 66 academy.
Spruce is the preferred choice and the standard by which the other wood is measured. In wooden propellers, highgrade animal glue has been used successfully. Many aircraft designers and kit manufacturers within the sport aviation industry use wood as a primary structure. Aircraft wood and structural repair wood aircraft construction and repairs part one wood aircraft construction and. The various species of wood listed in figure 610 are acceptable for structural purposes when used for the repair of aircraft. Aircraft wood chapter 6 and structural repair aircraft wood and structural repair wood was among the irst materials used to construct aircraft. In many situations nonshrinking cement or an admixture like aluminium powder in the ordinary portland cement will be admissible. Chapter 5 aircraft structural repairwood structures. Figure 610 provides a comparison of other wood that may be suitable for aircraft repair. I also talk about what gussets are and how they work to make the truss strong. The structural advantage of the biplane construction is that the two wings, vertical struts and wires form a deep light beam, which is more resistant to bending and twisting than a single. Rot might be apparent as either a staining or a conditioning of the wood. Fieldrepairconcepts,materials,andproceduresfor composites field repair materials fornavalaircraft by r.